Alternative cost

This article is its gradual achievement. Firstly, this article introduced the concept of alternative cost in Brand Economics. Through improving and utilizing Hotelling Model, the analysis indicated that the overseas cigarette manufacturers have the brand superiority, which will raise their market share gradually.

本文首先引入品牌经济学的选择成本的概念，通过对博弈论Hotelling模型的改进和运用，分析表明国外卷烟厂商在竞争中所具有的品牌优势会逐步提高其市场占有率。

Evaluates the alternative cost of ownership ( construction, purchase or renting) over the whole life of the asset ( s).

对各种可选择的资产权属关系（兴建、购买或租赁），评估其全生命成本。

Based on the characteristic of Soft-technology, value evaluation on alternative of decision is studied by using theory of value analysis in this paper. Also, the concept of cost of alternative ( or policy cost) is discussed.

本文运用价值分析思想，根据软技术特点，研究了软技术方案的价值评价问题，提出了软方案成本（政策成本），软方案效果等概念。

As supply chain management is oriented by customers' demands, effective cost management for supply chain should put more emphasis on customers 'demands and their added-value. Therefore, target costing oriented by customers' demands is an alternative for supply chain cost management.

供应链管理是以顾客需求为出发点的管理，有效的供应链成本管理必须面向顾客和顾客价值增值，因此以顾客需求为导向的目标成本法就成为比较理想的供应链成本管理方法。

But this alternative would have cost$ 25,000 to develop and would have taken at least three to four months to get the system up and running.

但这个方案需耗费两万五千美元，而且要花三到四个月的时间去建置。

These include, but are not limited to, additional costs, alternative costs, and cost reductions.

这包括，但不限于额外费用，替代性费用，以及减少费用。

Opportunity cost is also called alternative cost, which is an important concept in economics.

西方经济理论提出了机会成本这一概念，它让人们意识到一项活动的真实代价或称为经济代价。

But the alternative will cost us jobs, hurt our economy, visit hardship on millions of hardworking Americans.

但是不这样做的后果是，我们的就业岗位、经济将会付出代价，百万奋斗中的美国人将会更加艰苦。